Buddhism: Moving beyond faith to heal lifestyle blues
New Delhi, Nov 29 (IANS) Twenty-nine-year-old Gagan Kaur's life fell apart when her 14-year-old relationship ended last year. A Buddhist monk found her sinking in a private clinic in the capital after an abortive suicide bid.
A year later, Gagan is in control of her life after rigorous vipassana, a Buddhist mindful meditation. She is part of a Japanese Buddhist community which chants every weekend at a retreat in south Delhi. 'Most of the congregation members are young professionals,' Gagan told IANS.
In the 21st century, Buddhism, a religion and a philosophy that was born in India and then spread to the east and has millions of followers worldwide, is expanding in scope to move beyond the realm of an eight-fold regimen to the attainment of nirvana. It is being increasingly used as a cure by therapists in India and around the world to address lifestyle-related psychological problems like alienation, anxiety and stress.
Priyanka Khera (name withheld), a 24-year-old student of business management, battles the stress of a tangled love relationship and her alienation from her homeland Jammu and Kashmir with Buddhist chants and meditation.
'This year I broke up with my boyfriend with whom I stayed for a year in Chandigarh. Moreover, I had a troubled childhood since my parents moved from Srinagar when I was barely one. I am tormented by nightmares - and have drifted away from my parents over the years. At times, I want to go back to Srinagar. I hate this city...,' Priyanka, who lives with 'friends' in east Delhi, told IANS.
Her psychiatrist is a Buddhist counsellor in her neighbourhood who is teaching her the 'importance of equanimity' to calm her stormy inner self.
Buddhism in the last decade has become a viable lifestyle and spiritual option for tens of thousands of youngsters in cities to cope with stress in schools, colleges, workplaces and among peers.
It is also being used as intervention to rehabilitate criminals. Researches conducted by the University of Washington in Indian prisons show that 'vipassana' can effectively reduce psycho-pathological symptoms and aggression among inmates.
'Buddhism becomes a healing science when you drop all the religious terms and replace them with psychological terms - like 'mistake' for 'sin' and unwholesome for 'evil'. We don't need so much of religion as loving kindness to each other ... there is no need to elevate it to another god,' doctor Maurits G.T. Kwee, a clinical psychologist and honorary professor of University of Flores in Argentina, told IANS.
Kwee, the editor of a new anthology, 'New Horizons in Buddhist Psychology (Tao Institute)', said, he had helped himself with grief therapy when his wife passed away 14 weeks ago of lung cancer.
'I try grief therapy with my clients too,' said the doctor, who is in India for a World Buddhist Congregation Nov 27-30. More than 900 Buddhist scholars, leaders and practitioners from 46 countries are deliberating on the relevance of Gautama Buddha's teachings at the meet.
There is a principle in Mahayana Buddhism - 'Upaya-kausalya' - a concept which means application of skillful means, the doctor explained.
'One can adjust Buddhism to suit the needs of one's audience and life. The Buddhist tenets of compassion, sharing joy, balanced relationship, balanced views and equanimity can be used to deal with psychological stress. I try to combine Buddhism with the science of rational emotive behaviour therapy for my patients,' Kwee said.
Doctor Krishna Mohan, the founder of the Hyderabad-based Psychguru Mental Health Services, uses 'Budddhism to counsel stressed corporate executives'.
'I help them tackle jealousy, ego and hostility at workplace and teach them to work together as a team. I cite the teachings of Buddha,' Mohan told IANS.
'The West is bringing down the entire Buddhist wisdom to narrow meditative techniques...To handle mental problems, Buddhism has to take a holistic view of life and the world. A healer has to be a friend and have genuine concern for the other fellow - and should be able to connect to people with love,' Mohan said.
According to the Dalai Lama, 'Buddhist investigative tradition has been primarily directed towards understanding the human mind and its various functions'.
'Our aim in seeking ways of transforming our thoughts, emotions and their underlying propensities is to find a more wholesome and fulfilling way of living,' he says.
(Madhusree Chatterjee can be contacted at madhu.c@ians.in)
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The Beginner's Guide to Zen Buddhism
Here is a comprehensive introduction to Zen Buddhism for those who don't know how or where to begin, nor what to expect once they have started practicing. It includes the fundamentals of meditation practice (posture, technique, clothing), descriptions of the basic teachings and major texts, the teacher-student relationship, and what you will find when you visit a zendo, plus a history of Zen from the founding of Buddhism to its major schools in the West. In addition to answering the most frequently asked questions, it offers a listing of American Zen centers and resources, an annotated bibliography, and a glossary.Jean Smith's enormously practical approach ensures that The Beginner's Guide to Zen Buddhism will become the book teachers and students alike will recommend.
From the Trade Paperback edition.Here is a comprehensive introduction to Zen Buddhism for those who don't know how or where to begin, nor what to expect once they have started practicing. It includes the fundamentals of meditation practice (posture, technique, clothing), descriptions of the basic teachings and major texts, the teacher-student relationship, and what you will find when you visit a zendo, plus a history of Zen from the founding of Buddhism to its major schools in the West. In addition to answering the most frequently asked questions, it offers a listing of American Zen centers and resources, an annotated bibliography, and a glossary.
Jean Smith's enormously practical approach ensures that The Beginner's Guide to Zen Buddhism will become the book teachers and students alike will recommend.
From the Trade Paperback edition.
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